Mahfuzur Rahman Manik
Thinking education (Primary education-1,2)
অক্টোবর 19, 2010


Education is a chance or right? Obviously, it is a right. Human being got this right by birth, certified universally. State is compelled to provide this right. Education serves as the means to bring about the desired change in society, to develop a generation of virtuous individuals and thus contribute to the development of good human beings. Any change can possible with education. As a student of education as a discipline of study itself, I have to think about education. Thinking education is must for all, especially youth, as youth is growing stage. I think to work with a long run. Every stage of education, its problem, education policy and every detail are continuing.

Primary education: Primary education is the most important stage of education. It’s called universal education, also free and compulsory education. State takes the responsibility of this stage. The constitution of Bangladesh ensured primary education, article seventeen-(1) `The State shall adopt effective measures for the purpose of – establishing a uniform, mass-oriented and universal system of education and extending free and compulsory education to all children to such stage as may be determined by law.’ To know this stage we see its history in Bangladesh-

Attempts for Primary Education: Of course, primary education has a long history; it may more than thousand years. Here we show the first organize attempt for primary education. `Bengal primary education act of 1919` can say the first state attempt for the spreading of primary education in our sub-continent, but this was only belonging to the cities. It also true before this time primary education existed. However, this act only for cities, but of the are of cities were limited, so the whole country deprived and for this reason this could not permanent. To cover the whole country another act named `Bengal (rural) primary education act` formed on 1930. This to spread education among all 6-11 age groups, Zilla board got the responsibility of primary education under this act. This act also goes in vein for financial crisis.

Pakistan got independent on 1947, after its independence the member of provincial assembly passed another act for education named `Bengal (rural) primary education (east Bengal amendment) act`. This was as a project for ten years, but it ended within two years because of many problems. Problem of teacher, school building, teaching aids etc. Though this act had an impact and for this act many school was established newly, the number of teacher an student increased.

Another act formed in 1957 “East Bengal Primary Education act” under this act government took the responsibility of primary education instead of Zilla Board. Primary education was compulsory for some area at that time. The school of compulsory area called “Model School” the other school were non model school. This is according to the Education commission of 1959.

Bangladesh Chapter: Bangladesh to its independence of 1971, got the primary education with full of problems. According to the act of 1974 government take the full responsibility of the primary education. Qudrat e khuda commission, the first education commission of Bangladesh recommended that the primary education will be up to class eight, this be universal education. From class one to five, this will be compulsory and it must be ensure within 1980, also recommendation of The commission. Commission suggested to provide enough text book, ensure qualified teacher, increase female teacher, start class on second shift in fifteen thousand primary school, provide attractive teaching aids and establish ten thousand new school. These recommendation undoubtedly important to develop the condition of primary education. Regrettably true that these recommendation were not implement.

The Education policy of 1979 also recommended that. The same recommendation came in Mofiz Uddin Education Commission of 1988. Then an order for primary education published, The government published this gazette on 13 february of 1990 named ‘Compulsory primary education act 1990’. This act implementation started from 1st January of 1992 through the whole country.

Shamsul Haque Education Committee formed in 1997. This committee also recommended same as Qudrat e khuda commission. Primary Education will extend to class eight from class five. Later this another education commission formed in 2003 named ‘Mohammad Moniruzzaman Mia Commission-2003’. This commission suggested not to extend class. Its means the primary education will be same as present, class one to five.

Education policy 2010: The education policy 2010 recently (3 October) come to light, though yet it to implementation. The main feature of this policy is primary education. The policy followed the Qudrat e khuda commission of 1974 and Shamsul haque commission of 2003 to recommend to extend the primary education to class eight. It also told to pre-primary education, before primary education. The policy saw pre-primary education as the preparation to enter in education. Here they emphasis on religion telling to mosque, temple, pagoda etc.

The education policy 2010 told to one way primary education, and for this they selected some common subject, like Bengali, English, Moral education, Bangladesh studies and mathematics. This education will free, compulsory and universal. Also the same as standard to all institutions.

The policy highly recommended not to put it to the NGO. Here for class one and two will not have formal examination instead of no formal. In this education there will be two central examination, after class five and eight. For class three the eight out of central exam three exam will held same as present.

The education policy also suggest many things to decrease the number of drop outs, like feeding in the school, increase the facilities of school, special care for special needs child and also for indigenous child.

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